Harvard
Business School professor Amy Cuddy has been studying first impressions
alongside fellow psychologists Susan Fiske and Peter
Glick for more than 15 years, and has discovered patterns in these
interactions.
In her
new book, "Presence,"
Cuddy says people quickly answer two questions when they first meet you:
·
Can I trust this person?
·
Can I respect this person?
Psychologists
refer to these dimensions as warmth and competence respectively,
and ideally you want to be perceived as having both.
Interestingly,
Cuddy says that most people, especially in a professional context, believe that
competence is the more important factor. After all, they want to prove that
they are smart and talented enough to handle your business.
But in
fact warmth, or trustworthiness, is the most important factor in how people
evaluate you. "From an evolutionary perspective," Cuddy says,
"it is more crucial to our survival to know whether a person deserves our
trust." It makes sense when you consider that in cavemen days it was more
important to figure out if your fellow man was going to kill you and steal
all your possessions than if he was competent enough to build a good fire.
AmazonCuddy's new book explores how to feel more confident.
While
competence is highly valued, Cuddy says it is evaluated only after trust
is established. And focusing too much on displaying your strength can
backfire.
Cuddy
says MBA interns are often so concerned about coming across as smart and
competent that it can lead them to skip social events, not ask for help, and
generally come off as unapproachable.
These
overachievers are in for a rude awakening when they don't get the job offer
because nobody got to know and trust them as people.
"If
someone you're trying to influence doesn't trust you, you're not going to get
very far; in fact, you might even elicit suspicion because you come across as
manipulative," Cuddy says.
"A
warm, trustworthy person who is also strong elicits admiration, but only after
you've established trust does your strength become a gift rather than a
threat."
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