Delivering his keynote to the 2019 .NG Media Collage held recently in Lagos, Mr. Rudman who dwell on “Understanding the DNS Industry and Local Hosting” said that this has become imperative for the media stakeholders so as to ensure adequate and correct dissemination of information as far as DNS industry is concerned.
He took participants on what is the Internet, describing it as a network of networks that initially was joining many government, university and private computers together and provided an infrastructure for the use of electronic mail (E-mail), bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents, databases and other computational resources The vast collection of computer networks which form and act as a single huge network for transport of data and messages across distances which can be anywhere from the same office to anywhere in the world.
He traced the history of the internet to the United States-based Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in 1969, with the first ARPANET link established between the University of California, Los Angeles and the Stanford Research Institute on 22:30 hours on October 29, 1969.
“The early Internet was used by computer experts, engineers, scientists, and librarians,” he said.
While the Network Access Points (NAPs) established at end of the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) with the original “exchange points” and early internet ran on the telephone infrastructure.
He also said that the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) was established informally as a reference to various technical functions for the ARPANET.
“IANA is the institution which runs Top Level Domains (TLDs) and deals with assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and other related attributes,” he said.
Rudman, who is also the chief executive officer, Internet Exchange Point of Nigeria (IXPN), pointed out that IANA was managed mostly by Joh Postel and Joyce Reynolds, whereas the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names Numbers (ICANN) was formed in 25th November, 1988.
On the 14th March, 2014, he said, saw the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) proclaimed intent to Transition Key Internet Domain Name Functions to the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).
He summarized that major internet access technologies fixed line narrowband, dialup, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) in addition to Fixed Line Broadband using the Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) via the Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) and symmetric digital subscriber line (SDSL), Cable and Hypbrid Fibre (FTTC, G.fast), Fiber Optic through Fiber to the home (FTTH), Fibre to the Building (FTTB) and powerline communications.
Wireless Broadband, Rudman explained, that the Internet could be accessed through Fixed Wireless Access made up of Wireless Fidelity (Wifi) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), as well as via mobile in the range of second generations (2G) upto fifth generation (5G), while the satellite cuts across the C band, KU band, K band , KA band respectively.
He further said that the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) manages the IP address space allocations globally and delegates five regional Internet registries (RIRs) to allocate IP address blocks to local Internet registries (Internet service providers) and other entities.
On the overview of the Domain Name System, Rudman said it’s a system for naming computers and network services that is organized into a hierarchy of domains.
“DNS naming is used in Transmission Control Protocol cum Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) networks, such as the Internet, to locate computers and services through user friendly names,” he said, emphasizing that by understanding how DNS works, would be a great path towards media contributions to the industry amongst other stakeholders in the internet ecosystem.
Remmy Nweke/DoP
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